3003-H16铝合金卷材生产过程中的组织演变

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2022.10.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用热分析仪、光学显微镜、扫描电镜和能谱仪等方法研究了3003-H16铝合金卷材生产过程中的组织演变。结果表明,晶粒尺寸、二次枝晶间距和金属间化合物尺寸从铸锭心部至铸锭表层逐渐减小。当均匀化温度为590 ℃时,α-Al晶体内析出细小颗粒状的Al₆Mn;随均匀化温度的提高,颗粒状析出相不断溶解并促进针棒状析出相长大;当均匀化温度为640 ℃时,针棒状析出相开始溶解,至650 ℃时完全溶解。金属间化合物Al₆(Fe,Mn)和Al₆Mn随均匀化温度的升高而变得圆滑球化,部分Al₆(Fe,Mn)在均匀化过程中转变为Al(Fe,Mn)Si。3003铝合金热轧卷材的晶粒组织在厚度方向上存在不均匀性,冷轧和中间退火后有所改善。3003铝合金卷材中的化合物沿轧制方向成行排列,具有明显的方向性,其中大尺寸化合物的比例随加工率的增大逐渐降低。均匀化可以改善3003铝合金的成分和组织均匀性,改善合金的塑性。变形加工在提高3003铝合金强度的同时降低了合金的塑性。中间退火过程中纤维状的变形组织转变为再结晶组织,消除了硬化现象,合金的塑性得到改善。

关键词: 金属间化合物, 均匀化, 析出相, 变形加工, 晶粒组织, 再结晶

Abstract: Microstructure evolution of 3003-H16 aluminum alloy coil in production process was studied by means of thermal analyzer, optical microscope, SEM and EDS. The results show that the grain size, secondary dendrite spacing and the size of grain boundary compounds decrease gradually from center to surface of the ingot. When the homogenization temperature is 590 ℃, fine granular Al₆Mn precipitates in α-Al crystal. With the increase of homogenization temperature, the granular precipitates dissolve continuously and promote the growth of needle-rod precipitates. When the homogenization temperature is 640 ℃, the rod-shaped precipitates begin to dissolve, and completely dissolve at 650 ℃.The intermetallic compounds Al₆(Fe,Mn) and Al₆Mn become smooth and spheroidized with the increase of homogenization temperature, and some Al₆(Fe,Mn) transforms into Al(Fe,Mn)Si during homogenization. The grain structure of the the 3003 aluminum alloy hot rolled coil is non-uniform in thickness direction, which is improved after cold rolling and intermediate annealing. The compounds in the 3003 aluminum alloy coil are arranged in rows along the rolling direction, with obvious directionality. The proportion of large-sized compounds decreases with the increase of reduction ratio. Homogenization can improve the composition and microstructure uniformity of the 3003 aluminum alloy and improve the plasticity of the alloy. Deformation processing can improve the strength of the 3003 aluminum alloy and reduce the plasticity of the alloy. The fibrous deformed structure is transformed intorecrystallized structure during the intermediate annealing, which eliminates the hardening phenomenon and improves the plasticity of the alloy.

Key words: intermetallic compound, homogenization, precipitated phase, deformation processing, grain structure, recrystallization

中图分类号:

罗旭东, 祖立成, 王飞, 张新宇, 陈金生, 秦俊杰. 3003-H16铝合金卷材生产过程中的组织演变[J]. 金属热处理, 2022, 47(10): 36-45.

Luo Xudong, Zu Licheng, Wang Fei, Zhang Xinyu, Chen Jinsheng, Qin Junjie. Microstructure evolution of 3003-H16 aluminum alloy coil in production process[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2022, 47(10): 36-45.

参考文献

[1]王谓新. CC与DC3003铝合金轧制与再结晶织构的研究[D]. 秦皇岛: 燕山大学, 2018.
Wang Weixin. Study on rolling and recrystallization textures of CC and DC 3003 aluminum alloys[D]. Qinhuangdao: Yanshan University, 2018.
[2]黄元春, 许天成, 肖政兵, 等. 弥散相对3003铝合金再结晶晶粒尺寸的影响[J]. 材料工程, 2018, 46(6): 65-72.
Huang Yuanchun, Xu Tiancheng, Xiao Zhengbing, et al. Effect of dispersed precipitates on recrystallized grain size of 3003 aluminum alloy[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2018, 46(6): 65-72.
[3]文杰. 铸轧变形铝合金板材组织调控及力学性能研究[D]. 南京: 东南大学, 2020.
Wen Jie. Study on microstructure control and mechanical properties of cast rolled aluminum alloy sheet[D]. Nanjing: Southeast University, 2020.
[4]Dehmas M, Aeby-Gautier E, Archambault P, et al. Interaction between eutectic intermetallic particles and dispersoids in the 3003 aluminum alloy during homogenization treatments[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 2013, 44(2): 1059-1073.
[5]李龙, 吴忠亮, 夏承东, 等. 均匀化退火对高Mn含量AA3003铝合金析出行为和组织演变的影响[J]. 材料热处理学报, 2018, 39(9): 15-23.
Li Long, Wu Zhongliang, Xia Chengdong, et al. Effect of homogenization annealing on precipitation behavior and microstructure evolution of AA3003 aluminum alloy with high Mn content[J]. Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment, 2018, 39(9): 15-23.
[6]薛喜丽, 陈鑫, 李龙, 等. Mn、Fe含量对3003铝合金铸锭均匀化行为的影响[J]. 材料导报, 2018, 32(22): 3913-3918.
Xue Xili, Chen Xin, Li Long, et al. Effect of Fe and Mn content on the homogenization behavior of DC-cast 3003 alloy[J]. Materials Reports, 2018, 32(22): 3913-3918.
[7]王玉刚, 姜锋, 黄宏锋, 等. 均匀化退火对3003铝合金铸锭显微组织的影响[J]. 轻合金加工技术, 2020, 48(2): 12-19.
Wang Yugang, Jiang Feng, Huang Hongfeng, et al. Effect of homogenizing annealing on microstructure of 3003 aluminum alloy billet[J]. Light Alloy Fabrication Technology, 2020, 48(2): 12-19.
[8]刘华春, 符殿宝, 李洋. 3003合金均匀化工艺研究[J]. 福建冶金, 2021, 50(4): 34-36, 40.
Liu Huachun, Fu Dianbao, Li Yang. Research on the homogenization process of 3003 alloy[J]. Fujian Metallurgy, 2021, 50(4): 34-36, 40.
[9]张新明, 吴文祥, 蹇雄, 等. 退火过程中AA3003铝合金的析出行为[J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2005, 15(5): 675-679.
Zhang Xinming, Wu Wenxiang, Jian Xiong, et al. Precipitation behavior of AA3003 aluminium alloy during annealing[J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2005, 15(5): 675-679.
[10]张新明, 吴文祥, 刘胜胆, 等. 退火过程中AA3003铝合金的析出与再结晶[J]. 中南大学学报(自然科学版), 2006, 37(1): 1-5.
Zhang Xinming, Wu Wenxiang, Liu Shengdan, et al. Precipitation and recrystallization of AA3003 aluminium alloy during annealing[J]. Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology), 2006, 37(1): 1-5.
[11]郑玉林, 赵启忠, 蒙玲, 等. 退火温度对3003铝合金板材组织和性能的影响[J]. 轻合金加工技术, 2014, 42(6): 38-40, 44.
Zheng Yulin, Zhao Qizhong, Meng Ling, et al. Effects of different annealing temperatures on microstructure and properties of 3003 aluminum alloy sheet[J]. Light Alloy Fabrication Technology, 2014, 42(6): 38-40, 44.
[12]Kumar R, Gupta A, Dandekar T R, et al. Microstructure and texture development in AA3003 aluminium alloy[J]. Materials Today Communications, 2020, 24: 100965.
[13]王祝堂. 变形铝合金热处理工艺[M]. 长沙: 中南大学出版社, 2011.
[14]Dehaan P C M, Rijkom J V, Söntgerath J A H, et al. The precipitation behaviour of high-purity Al-Mn alloys[J]. Materials Science Forum, 1996, 217: 765-770.
[15]吴文祥, 张新明, 唐建国, 等. 3003铝合金箔制备过程中的组织演变[J]. 金属热处理, 2006, 31(3): 36-39.
Wu Wenxiang, Zhang Xinming, Tang Jianguo, et al, Microstructures evolution of 3003 aluminium alloy foil during preparing process[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2006, 31(3): 36-39.
[16]崔忠圻, 覃耀春. 金属学与热处理[M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2011.
[17]余永宁. 金属学原理[M]. 北京: 冶金工业出版社, 2000.
[18]Alexander D T L, Greer A L. Solid-state intermetallic phase transformations in 3XXX aluminium alloys[J]. Acta Materialia, 2002, 50(10): 2571-2583.
[19]尚里曼. 均匀化工艺对 Al-1.2Mn合金再结晶行为的影响[D]. 重庆: 重庆大学, 2015.
Shang Liman. The effects of homogenization treatments on the recrystallization behavior of Al-1.2Mn alloy[D]. Chongqing: Chongqing University, 2015.
[20]Tangen S, Sjølstad K, Furu T, et al. Effect of concurrent precipitation on recrystallization and evolution of the P-texture component in a commercial Al-Mn alloy[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 2010, 41(11): 2970-2983.
[21]李骁, 程晓农, 徐桂芳, 等. 退火工艺对3003铝合金板微观组织与力学性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2021, 46(9): 90-94.
Li Xiao, Cheng Xiaonong, Xu Guifang, et al. Effect of annealing process on microstructure and mechanical properties of 3003 aluminum alloy plate[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2021, 46(9): 90-94.
[22]Huang K, Marthinsen K. The influence of microchemistry and processing conditions on the softening behavior of cold-rolled Al-Mn-Fe-Si alloys[C]// Light Metals, 2015: 157-162.