热处理及Cr含量对珠光体钢轨钢疲劳裂纹扩展的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2024.04.010

金属热处理 ›› 2024, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (4): 55-61.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2024.04.010

热处理及Cr含量对珠光体钢轨钢疲劳裂纹扩展的影响

王东梅^1,2, 蒋宏利³, 王业双¹, 刘东¹, 刘畅¹, 陈林¹

1.内蒙古科技大学材料与冶金学院, 内蒙古包头 014010;
2.北奔重型汽车集团有限公司, 内蒙古包头 014030;
3.鞍钢股份有限公司鲅鱼圈钢铁分公司, 辽宁营口 115007

收稿日期:2023-12-18 修回日期:2024-03-12 出版日期:2024-04-25 发布日期:2024-05-27
通讯作者: 陈林,教授,硕士,E-mail:chenlin39805@163.com
作者简介:作者简介:王东梅(1985—),女,讲师,博士,主要研究方向为先进钢铁结构材料组织和性能, E-mail:wangdm6@126.com。
基金资助:
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2020BS05035);内蒙古科技大学创新基金(2019QDL-B04);内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费项目(171);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(ZDZX2018024)

Effect of heat treatment and Cr content on fatigue crack growth of pearlitic rail steels

Wang Dongmei^1,2, Jiang Hongli³, Wang Yeshuang¹, Liu Dong¹, Liu Chang¹, Chen Lin¹

1. School of Materials and Metallurgy, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou Inner Mongolia 014010, China;
2. Beiben Heavy Vehicle Group Co., Ltd., Baotou Inner Mongolia 014030, China;
3. Anshan Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd., Bayuquan Iron and Steel Branch, Yingkou Liaoning 115007, China

Received:2023-12-18 Revised:2024-03-12 Online:2024-04-25 Published:2024-05-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用SincoTec电磁共振高频疲劳试验机测定了Cr含量不同的两种珠光体钢轨钢的疲劳性能。通过对疲劳裂纹扩展速率曲线、疲劳断口形貌以及断口夹杂和析出进行分析,研究了热处理工艺及Cr含量对钢轨钢的疲劳裂纹扩展行为的影响。结果表明,低Cr试验钢最佳热处理工艺是以8 ℃/s的冷速冷却至560 ℃等温30 s,相比于轧态,疲劳寿命由78.8万次提高到91.4万次,提升了16.0%。而相同热处理条件的高Cr试验钢的疲劳寿命由轧态的81.2万次提高到104.3万次,提升了28.4%。优化热处理工艺和Cr含量的提高改善试验钢的疲劳性能归因于珠光体片层间距以及珠光体团尺寸的显著减小。因为一方面其增加了裂纹扩展阻力,降低疲劳辉纹间距的同时增加疲劳台阶数量;另一方面其还能够阻碍疲劳主裂纹的生长,增加能够得到二次裂纹的晶粒位相,提高二次裂纹发生概率。此外,Cr含量提高还能促使(Fe, Cr)₃C第二相粒子在试验钢疲劳Ⅱ区的析出,这能够阻碍位错运动,进而降低疲劳裂纹扩展速率。

关键词: 珠光体钢轨钢, 热处理, Cr含量, 疲劳裂纹扩展

Abstract: The fatigue properties of two pearlitic rail steel with different Cr contents were determined using a SincoTec electromagnetic resonance high-frequency fatigue testing machine. The effects of heat treatment process and the Cr contents on the fatigue crack propagation behavior of the rail steels were studied by analyzing the fatigue crack propagation rate curves, fracture morphologies, inclusions and precipitates at the fracture surfaces. The results show that the optimal heat treatment process for the low-Cr steel is cooling at a rate of 8 ℃/s to 560 ℃ and then isothermal holding for 30 s, which increases the fatigue life of the low-Cr steel from 788 000 cycles in as-rolled state to 914 000 cycles, by 16.0%. While under the same heat treatment conditions, the fatigue life of the high-Cr steel is increased from 812 000 cycles in as-rolled state to 1 043 000 cycles, by 28.4%. The fatigue performance improvement of the tested steels resulted by optimized heat treatment process and higher Cr content is attributed to the significant reduction in the interlamellar spacing and cluster size of pearlite. On one hand, the microstructure refinement increases the crack propagation resistance, reduces the distance between fatigued striations, and increases the number of fatigue steps. On the other hand, it hinders the primary crack growth, and increases the grain orientations to obtain higher possibility of secondary cracks. Moreover, the higher Cr content promotes (Fe, Cr)₃C second-phase particle precipitation during stage II cracking zone, which impedes dislocation motion and thus reduces crack propagation rate during fatigue loading.

Key words: pearlitic rail steel, heat treatment, Cr content, fatigue crack growth

中图分类号:

TG111

王东梅, 蒋宏利, 王业双, 刘东, 刘畅, 陈林. 热处理及Cr含量对珠光体钢轨钢疲劳裂纹扩展的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2024, 49(4): 55-61.

Wang Dongmei, Jiang Hongli, Wang Yeshuang, Liu Dong, Liu Chang, Chen Lin. Effect of heat treatment and Cr content on fatigue crack growth of pearlitic rail steels[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2024, 49(4): 55-61.

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热处理及Cr含量对珠光体钢轨钢疲劳裂纹扩展的影响

Effect of heat treatment and Cr content on fatigue crack growth of pearlitic rail steels

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