2100 MPa级超高强弹簧钢的组织和强韧化机理

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2024.06.024

金属热处理 ›› 2024, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (6): 142-149.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2024.06.024

2100 MPa级超高强弹簧钢的组织和强韧化机理

卢伟¹, 涂天权², 邓小云¹, 罗素晖³, 邢献强⁴, 骆智超²

1.广州华德汽车弹簧有限公司, 广东广州 511339;
2.广东省科学院新材料研究所国家钛及稀有金属粉末冶金工程技术研究中心广东省金属强韧化技术与应用重点实验室, 广东广州 510650;
3.广汽零部件有限公司, 广东广州 510620;
4.广州市奥赛钢线科技有限公司, 广东广州 511450

收稿日期:2023-12-16 修回日期:2024-04-19 出版日期:2024-06-25 发布日期:2024-07-29
通讯作者: 骆智超,副研究员,博士,E-mail:luozhichao@gdinm.com
作者简介:卢伟(1978—),男,工程师,硕士,主要研究方向为弹性件设计与弹簧材料,E-mail:luw@huadespring.com。
基金资助:
广东省基础与应用基础研究项目(2020B1515130007);广州市科技计划(202007020007);广东省科技特派员项目(GDKTP2021022300)

Microstructure and strengthening mechanism of 2100 MPa grade ultra-high strength spring steel

Lu Wei¹, Tu Tianquan², Deng Xiaoyun¹, Luo Suhui³, Xing Xianqiang⁴, Luo Zhichao²

1. Guangzhou Huade Automotive Spring Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Guangdong 511339, China;
2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metal Toughening Technology and Application, National Engineering Research Center of Powder Metallurgy of Titanium & Rare Metals, Institute of New Materials, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Guangdong 510650, China;
3. Guangzhou Automobile Group Components Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Guangdong 510620, China;
4. Guangzhou Orsa Wire Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Guangdong 510450, China

Received:2023-12-16 Revised:2024-04-19 Online:2024-06-25 Published:2024-07-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过合金成分与淬、回火工艺优化获得1900、2000和2100 MPa级别的超高强弹簧钢,并对比研究了这3种超高强钢的组织、性能与强化机制。结果表明,随着C和V含量的提高,钢材原奥氏体晶粒尺寸由28.8 μm减小到16.0 μm。2100 MPa级别钢的抗拉强度达2130 MPa,断面收缩率为42%。进一步研究表明2100 MPa级别弹簧钢含有高达16.2%的残留奥氏体,在拉伸变形时,残留奥氏体发生相变诱发塑性(TRIP)效应使钢材加工硬化能力和均匀伸长率显著提高。2100 MPa级别弹簧钢强度主要来源于固溶强化、位错强化与沉淀强化,其强化贡献值分别为391、808和469 MPa。细化的原奥氏体晶粒以及残留奥氏体的TRIP效应是2100 MPa级别超高强弹簧钢具有优异强塑性的关键。

关键词: 弹簧钢, 显微组织, 强度, 加工硬化, 韧性

Abstract: Three ultra-high strength steels (1900, 2000 and 2100 MPa) were prepared by optimizing the alloy compositions and quenching and tempering processes. Their microstructure, mechanical properties and strengthening mechanisms were comparatively investigated. The results show that the prior austenite grain size decreases from 28.8 μm to 16.0 μm with the increase of C and V content in the steel. The tensile strength of 2100 MPa grade steel actually reaches 2130 MPa, and the percentage reduction of area is 42%. Further research shows that, the retained austenite in the 2100 MPa grade steel is up to 16.2% in volume fraction, and contributes a transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect during tensile deformation, which significantly improves the work-hardening ability and uniform elongation of the steel. The strength of the 2100 MPa grade spring steel wire mainly comes from solution strengthening, dislocation strengthening and precipitation strengthening, and their contribution values are 391, 808 and 469 MPa, respectively. The fine prior austenite grain size and the TRIP effect from the retained austenite are the key to the excellent strength and ductility of the 2100 MPa grade ultra-high strength spring steel.

Key words: spring steel, microstructure, strength, work hardening, toughness

中图分类号:

TG142.1

卢伟, 涂天权, 邓小云, 罗素晖, 邢献强, 骆智超. 2100 MPa级超高强弹簧钢的组织和强韧化机理[J]. 金属热处理, 2024, 49(6): 142-149.

Lu Wei, Tu Tianquan, Deng Xiaoyun, Luo Suhui, Xing Xianqiang, Luo Zhichao. Microstructure and strengthening mechanism of 2100 MPa grade ultra-high strength spring steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2024, 49(6): 142-149.

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2100 MPa级超高强弹簧钢的组织和强韧化机理

Microstructure and strengthening mechanism of 2100 MPa grade ultra-high strength spring steel

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