热处理工艺对高速列车用51CrV4钢轴箱弹簧力学性能及服役性能的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2024.08.009

金属热处理 ›› 2024, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (8): 53-59.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2024.08.009

热处理工艺对高速列车用51CrV4钢轴箱弹簧力学性能及服役性能的影响

徐超¹, 曹欣旺², 王晨阳¹, 王玉婷¹, 张倩¹, 杨其全¹, 胡杰¹

1.中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司金属及化学研究所, 北京 100081;
2.北京中铁科新材料技术有限公司, 北京 100081

收稿日期:2024-01-28 修回日期:2024-06-05 出版日期:2024-08-25 发布日期:2024-09-27
通讯作者: 胡杰,高级工程师,E-mail:hujierails@163.com
作者简介:徐超(1987—),男,助理研究员,博士研究生,主要研究方向为铁路金属材料的组织性能,E-mail:xuchaook@163.com。
基金资助:
中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(J2021J005)

Influence of heat treatment process on mechanical properties and service performance of 51CrV4 steel journal box spring for high-speed trains

Xu Chao¹, Cao Xinwang², Wang Chenyang¹, Wang Yuting¹, Zhang Qian¹, Yang Qiquan¹, Hu Jie¹

1. Metals and Chemistry Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences Co., Ltd., Beijing 100081, China;
2. Beijing Advanced Material Technology Co., Ltd. of CARS, Beijing 100081, China

Received:2024-01-28 Revised:2024-06-05 Online:2024-08-25 Published:2024-09-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究了热处理工艺对高速列车用51CrV4钢轴箱弹簧服役性能的影响,确定最佳的热处理工艺,分析了51CrV4弹簧钢在840~900 ℃淬火及380~520 ℃回火后的拉伸、冲击性能及疲劳强度演变规律,并建立了基于材质疲劳极限的51CrV4钢轴箱弹簧服役性能评估方法,研究了热处理工艺对弹簧临界服役载荷的影响。结果表明,随着淬火温度的升高,51CrV4弹簧钢的拉伸强度和疲劳强度增加;随着回火温度升高,拉伸强度下降而塑韧性增加。较低淬火温度+较高回火温度下的强度低于TB/T 2211—2018要求,较低回火温度下的冲击性能也接近于标准下限。综合考虑51CrV4钢弹簧的强度和塑韧性,在880 ℃淬火+460 ℃回火及900 ℃淬火+460~480 ℃回火的工艺范围内其具有较优的服役性能。

关键词: 51CrV4钢, 轴箱弹簧, 热处理工艺, 力学性能, 疲劳性能

Abstract: Influence of heat treatment process on the service performance of 51CrV4 steel journal box spring for high-speed trains was investigated, the optimal heat treatment process was determined, and the tensile properties, impact properties and fatigue strength evolution of the 51CrV4 spring after quenching at 840-900 ℃ and tempering at 380-520 ℃ were analyzed. The service performance evaluation method for the 51CrV4 steel journal box spring based on material fatigue limit was established, and the influence of heat treatment process on the critical service load of springs was studied. The results show that with the increase of quenching temperature, the tensile strength and fatigue strength of the 51CrV4 spring steel increase. With the increase of tempering temperature, the tensile strength decreases, but the toughness increases. The tensile strength subjected to lower quenching temperature and higher tempering temperature is lower than that of the standard TB/T 2211—2018, and the impact absorbed energy at lower tempering temperature is close to the lower limit of the standard. Considering the mechanical and service properties of the 51CrV4 steel spring, the optimum heat treatment processes of 900 ℃ quenching + 460-480 ℃ tempering and 880 ℃ quenching + 460 ℃ tempering are recommended.

Key words: 51CrV4 steel, journal box spring, heat treatment process, mechanical properties, fatigue properties

中图分类号:

TG142.4

徐超, 曹欣旺, 王晨阳, 王玉婷, 张倩, 杨其全, 胡杰. 热处理工艺对高速列车用51CrV4钢轴箱弹簧力学性能及服役性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2024, 49(8): 53-59.

Xu Chao, Cao Xinwang, Wang Chenyang, Wang Yuting, Zhang Qian, Yang Qiquan, Hu Jie. Influence of heat treatment process on mechanical properties and service performance of 51CrV4 steel journal box spring for high-speed trains[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2024, 49(8): 53-59.

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热处理工艺对高速列车用51CrV4钢轴箱弹簧力学性能及服役性能的影响

Influence of heat treatment process on mechanical properties and service performance of 51CrV4 steel journal box spring for high-speed trains

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