Y添加和热处理对Al-Mg-Si-Y合金组织与性能的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.02.023

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 制备了Al-0.6Mg-0.5Si-xY(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4)合金,并进行T6热处理,研究了热处理后合金的组织演变、导电性和力学性能。结果表明,热处理后添加Y的合金晶界处形成了AlSiY相,晶内析出颗粒状和棒状的AlSiY相,基体弥散分布着白色颗粒状的Mg₂Si相。热处理后合金平均晶粒尺寸较铸态增大,且Y添加量越多,合金平均晶粒尺寸越小。热处理后合金导电率随Y添加量的增加先升高后降低,添加0.3%Y时,导电率最高为55.2%IACS,较铸态提高1.7%。热处理后合金晶粒增大使晶界减少,且固溶Si原子的析出降低固溶畸变,从而提高合金导电率。热处理态合金抗拉强度和硬度较铸态提高,且随Y添加量的增加先增加后降低,添加0.3%Y时,分别达最高值206.2 MPa和91.3 HV0.1,较铸态提高36.6%和40.5%。热处理态合金的伸长率较铸态有明显下降。热处理后,合金中大量的析出相提高了合金的强度和硬度,而晶界减少、析出相增多使热处理态合金伸长率较铸态降低。

关键词: Al-Mg-Si合金, Y添加, 热处理, 微观组织, 导电性能, 力学性能

Abstract: Al-0.6Mg-0.5Si-xY (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) alloys were prepared and T6 heat treatment was carried out. The evolution of microstructure, electrical conductivity, and mechanical properties of the alloys after heat treatment were investigated. The results show that AlSiY phases are formed at the grain boundaries of the alloy with Y addition after heat treatment, and granular and rod-like AlSiY phases are precipitated in intragranular mode. The white granular Mg₂Si phases are dispersed in the alloy matrix. After heat treatment, the average grain size of the alloys is increased compared to their as-cast state, but it decreases with the increase of Y addition. After heat treatment, electrical conductivity of the alloys initially increases and subsequently decreases with the increase of Y content. The electrical conductivity reaches the highest value of 55.2%IACS by addition of Y with 0.3%, which is 1.7% higher than that of the as-cast alloy. After heat treatment, an increase in grain size of the alloys results in a reduction of grain boundaries, and the precipitation of solved Si atoms reduces the solid solution distortion, thereby improving the conductivity of the alloys. The tensile strength and hardness of the alloys after heat treatment exceed those of the as-cast alloy, exhibiting an initial increase followed by a subsequent decrease with the addition of Y. The tensile strength and hardness of the alloys reach the highest values of 206.2 MPa and 91.3 HV0.1 respectively by addition of Y with 0.3%, which are 36.6% and 40.5% higher than those of the as-cast alloy. The heat-treated alloys exhibit a significantly reduced elongation compared to the as-cast alloys. The heat treatment promotes a large amount of second phase precipitation in the alloys, thereby improving the strength and hardness of the alloys. However, the reduction in grain boundaries and the augmented presence of precipitated phases contribute to a diminished elongation in the heat-treated alloy compared to the as-cast alloy.

Key words: Al-Mg-Si alloy, Y addition, heat treatment, microstructure, electrical conductivity, mechanical properties

中图分类号:

TG146.2

毕晓勤, 张森, 郑泽远, 齐玉蕾, 付莹, 徐琴. Y添加和热处理对Al-Mg-Si-Y合金组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(2): 148-154.

Bi Xiaoqin, Zhang Sen, Zheng Zeyuan, Qi Yulei, Fu Ying, Xu Qin. Effect of Y addition and heat treatment on microstructure and properties of Al-Mg-Si-Y alloy[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(2): 148-154.

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