热处理对NiTi形状记忆合金力学性能的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2020.02.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究了热处理工艺对50.8at%NiTi形状记忆合金力学性能的影响。通过对NiTi合金试样在不同温度下进行固溶处理和时效处理并进行单向拉伸试验,得到试样的屈服强度、抗拉强度、弹性模量和泊松比等力学性能参数。通过光学显微镜对热处理前后试样的显微组织进行观察,估算其晶粒尺寸,并利用Hall-Petch理论分析了试样的晶粒尺寸对屈服强度的影响。研究发现将NiTi合金先进行固溶处理,再进行时效处理,其力学性能改善较为明显。为NiTi 形状记忆合金的工程应用提供了试验依据,有利于扩大该合金的工程应用范围。

关键词: NiTi形状记忆合金, 固溶处理, 时效处理, 力学性能, 晶粒尺寸

Abstract:

Effect of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of 50.8at% Ni-Ti shape memory alloy undergone solution treatment and aging at different temperatures was studied by conducting unidirectional tensile test to obtain the yield strength, tensile strength, elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio. The microstructures were observed before and after the heat treatments by metallographic microscope, the corresponding grain sizes were estimated, and the effect of grain size on the yield strength was analyzed based on Hall-Petch theory. The results show that after solution and aging treatments, significant improvement is found in the mechanical properties of the NiTi shape memory alloy. The conclusion provides the experimental foundation for the engineering applications of the NiTi shape memory alloy and is beneficial to enlarge its application range.

Key words: NiTi shape memory alloy, solution treatment, aging treatment, mechanical properties, grain size

中图分类号:

张昊, 李艳杰, 韩光, 杨令强, 高蕊. 热处理对NiTi形状记忆合金力学性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2020, 45(2): 94-99.

Zhang Hao, Li Yanjie, Han Guang, Yang Lingqiang, Gao Rui. Effect of heat treatment on mechanical properties of NiTi shape memory alloy[J]. HTM, 2020, 45(2): 94-99.

参考文献

[1]陈海全. 应用形状记忆合金的大跨桥梁结构振动控制理论研究与振动台试验[D]. 天津: 天津大学, 2003.
Chen Haiquan. Application of shape memory alloy in the vibration control theory and shaking table test of long-span bridges[D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2003.
[2]王林伟. 形状记忆合金对钢筋混凝土梁驱动效应的ANSYS分析[D]. 大连: 大连理工大学, 2004.
Wang Linwei. Analysis of the effect of the ANSYS shape memory alloy on the driving effect of the reinforced concrete beam[D]. Dalian: Dalian University of Technology, 2004.
[3]侯俊峰. 形状记忆合金阻尼器在某古塔抗震加固中的研究与应用[D]. 西安: 西安建筑科技大学, 2006.
Hou Junfeng. Study and application of shape memory alloy damper in seismic strengthening of Guta[D]. Xi'an: Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, 2006.
[4]崔迪. 形状记忆合金及其智能混凝土结构研究[D]. 大连: 大连理工大学, 2007.
Cui Di. Study on shape memory alloy and its intelligent concrete structure[D]. Dalian: Dalian University of Technology, 2007.
[5]李松. 近断层地震激励下SMA—滑移隔震结构的动力响应研究[D]. 兰州: 兰州理工大学, 2011.
Li Song. Research on the dynamic response of SMA-slip seismic isolation structure under near fault earthquake[D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University of Technology, 2011.
[6]马强. 形状记忆合金加固混凝土圆柱的机理分析[D]. 长沙: 中南大学, 2013.
Ma Qiang. Mechanism analysis of reinforced concrete columns with shape memory alloys[D]. Changsha: Central South University, 2013.
[7]梁赛. 形状记忆合金减震器在框架结构抗震中的应用与研究[D]. 石家庄: 石家庄铁道大学, 2014.
Liang Sai. Application and research of shape memory alloy damper in seismic resistance of frame structure[D]. Shijiazhuang: Shijiazhuang Railway University, 2014.
[8]王周峰. 基于形状记忆合金的结构裂缝自修复理论研究[D]. 兰州: 兰州理工大学, 2014.
Wang Zhoufeng. Theoretical research on structural crack self repair based on shape memory alloy[D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University of Technology, 2014.
[9]文先哲, 张旋. 热处理工艺对NiTi形状记忆合金马氏体相变的影响[J]. 湖南有色金属, 1998, 14(5): 21-24.
Wen Xianzhe, Zhan Xuan. Influence of heat treatment process on martensitic transformation of NiTi shape memory alloy[J]. Hunan Nonferrous Metals, 1998, 14(5): 21-24.
[10]谢庆峰, 李浩, 高岩. 热处理对NiTi形状记忆合金的相变的影响[J]. 材料开发与应用, 2007, 22(2): 5-7.
Xie Qingfeng, Li Hao, Gao Yan. Effects of heat treatment on phase transformation of NiTi shape memory alloys[J]. Materials Development and Application, 2007, 22(2): 5-7.
[11]姜飞. 时效对富Ni的NITi合金相变和力学行为的影响[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学, 2008.
Jiang Fei. Effect of aging on phase transformation and mechanical behavior of NITi rich Ni alloys[D]. Harbin: Harbin Engineering University, 2008.
[12]梁楚锜. 时效NiTi基记忆合金的马氏体相变行为与超弹性[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学, 2012.
Liang Chuqi. Martensitic transformation behavior and super elasticity of aging NiTi based memory alloys[D]. Harbin: Harbin Engineering University, 2012.
[13]黄婷. Nb 含量和热处理对多孔 NiTi(Nb)记忆合金超弹性行为的影响研究[D]. 广州: 华南理工大学, 2014.
Huang Ting. Effects of Nb content and heat treatment on the elastic behavior of porous NiTi (Nb) memory alloys[D]. Guangzhou: South China University of Technology, 2014.
[14]Sinha A, Mondal B, Chattopadhyay P P. Mechanical properties of Ti-(49 at%) Ni shape memory alloy: Part I. Effect of cold deformation[J]. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2013, 561: 338-343.
[15]Sinha A, Mondal B, Chattopadhyay P P. Mechanical properties of Ti-(49 at%) Ni shape memory alloy: Part II. Effect of ageing treatment[J]. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2013, 561: 344-351.
[16]Giri S K, Krishnan M, Ramamurty U. Enhancement of fatigue life of Ni-Ti-Fe shape memory alloys by thermal cycling[J]. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2010, 528: 363-370.
[17]Elibol C, Wagner M F-X. Strain rate effects on the localization of the stress-induced martensitic transformation in pseudoelastic NiTi under uniaxial tension, compression and compression-shear[J]. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2015, 643: 194-202.
[18]Fang Han, Wong M B, Bai Yu, et al. Effect of heating/cooling rates on the material properties of NiTi wires for civil structural applications[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2015, 101: 447-455.
[19]宋文远, 王文明. 金属基复合材料弹性模量的研究现状[J]. 材料导报, 2006, 20: 416-419.
Song Wenyuan, Wang Wenming. The research status of the elastic modulus of metal matrix composites[J]. Materials Review, 2006, 20: 416-419.
[20]Sutou Y, Omori T, Yamauchi K, et al. Effect of grain size and texture on pseudoelastieity in Cu-Al-Mn-based shape memory wire[J]. Acta Materialia, 2005, 53(15): 4121-4133.
[21]吴佩泽, 贺志荣, 王芳, 等. 辊速对激冷贫镍Ti-Ni形状记忆合金薄带组织和相变的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2018, 43(10): 67-71.
Wu Peize, He Zhirong, Wang Fang, et al. Effect of roller speed on microstructure and phase transformation of chilled Ni-poor Ti-Ni shape memory alloy strips[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2018, 43(10): 67-71.
[22]叶茂, 淡婷, 史杰宾, 等. 微量Sc掺杂Ti-V-Al合金马氏体相变与形状记忆效应[J]. 金属热处理, 2019, 44(6): 100-103.
Ye Mao, Dan Ting, Shi Jiebin, et al. Martensite transformation and shape memory effect of Ti-V-Al alloy doping minor Sc[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2019, 44(6): 100-103.
[23]冯辉, 贺志荣, 王芳, 等. 退火温度对Ti-51.1Ni形状记忆合金超弹性的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2019, 44(3): 120-123.
Feng Hui, He Zhirong, Wang Fang, et al. Effect of annealing temperature on superelasticity of Ti-51.1Ni shape memory alloy[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2019, 44(3): 120-123.
[24]Omori T, Sutou Y, Wang J J, et al. Effect of microstructure on two-way shape memory effect in Cu-Al-Mn alloys[J]. Journal de Physique IV(Proceeding), 2003, 112: 507-510.