冷轧和时效过程中1RK91不锈钢的组织与性能演变

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2021.12.038

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用光学显微镜(OM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电镜(SEM)、维氏硬度计、万能材料试验机等研究了1RK91不锈钢冷轧过程中应变诱发马氏体组织转变及时效工艺对材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:1RK91不锈钢冷轧过程中发生应变诱发马氏体相变,应变诱发马氏体的形核取决于冷轧中位错的增殖与运动,受变形温度影响。材料的强度和位错密度随冷轧变形量的增大而增大,固溶和75%冷轧后抗拉强度分别为903 MPa和1195 MPa,位错密度分别为5.75×10¹⁰ cm^-2和8.84×10¹⁰ cm^-2,计算得到该钢的冷加工强化系数为3.89 MPa/%。常规时效下,固溶和75%变形量的峰值硬度分别为499 HV0.2和610 HV0.2,分级时效后峰值硬度分别为513 HV0.2和639 HV0.2。随变形量的增大,常规时效处理材料峰值硬度增加,达到峰值硬度的温度降低,总体上分级时效处理后具有更高的峰值硬度和更好的抗过时效能力。

关键词: 1RK91不锈钢, 冷轧, 应变诱发马氏体, 时效工艺, 硬度

Abstract: Effects of strain-induced martensitic transformation during cold rolling and aging process on mechanical properties of the 1RK91 stainless steel were studied by means of optical microscope (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM), Vickers hardness tester and universal material testing machine. The results show that the strain-induced martensite transformation occurs during cold rolling of the 1RK91 stainless steel. The nucleation of strain-induced martensite depends on the proliferation and movement of dislocations during cold rolling and is affected by the deformation temperature. The tensile strength and dislocation density of the material increase with the increase of cold rolling deformation, and the tensile strength after solid solution and 75% cold rolling are 903 MPa and 1195 MPa, respectively, the dislocation densities are 5.75×10¹⁰ cm^-2 and 8.84×10¹⁰ cm^-2, respectively, and the calculated cold-working strengthening coefficient of the steel is 3.89 MPa/%. Under conventional aging, the peak hardness of solid solution treated and 75% deformed steel are 499 HV0.2 and 610 HV0.2, respectively, and after graded aging, the peak hardness are 513 HV0.2 and 639 HV0.2, respectively. With the increase of deformation, the peak hardness of the conventional aged material increases, and the temperature to reach the peak hardness decreases. After graded aging, the material has higher peak hardness and better anti-over-aging ability on the whole.

Key words: 1RK91 stainless steel, cold rolling, strain-induced martensite, aging process, hardness

中图分类号:

TG142.71

田硕士, 马凤仓, 刘平, 刘新宽, 李伟, 张柯. 冷轧和时效过程中1RK91不锈钢的组织与性能演变[J]. 金属热处理, 2021, 46(12): 229-235.

Tian Shuoshi, Ma Fengcang, Liu Ping, Liu Xinkuan, Li Wei, Zhang Ke. Evolution of microstructure and properties of 1RK91 stainless steel during cold rolling and aging[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2021, 46(12): 229-235.

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