高强缆索钢的盐浴等温淬火工艺

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2024.10.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究高碳钢盘条在盐浴等温淬火过程中的相变规律,以92Si钢盘条为研究对象,测定了高温盘条浸入熔盐后的冷却曲线,使用Deform软件计算了样品与熔盐之间的对流换热系数,进而分析了盘条在熔盐中的冷却规律,研究了加热温度与熔盐温度对盘条组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明:92Si钢盘条在等温淬火处理时,由于相变热很难被快速传导走,导致盘条在熔盐中发生连续变温相变;通过适当降低熔盐温度可提升熔盐的换热能力,提高盘条的冷却效果。盘条盐浴等温淬火后的抗拉强度主要由熔盐温度决定,在珠光体相变温度范围内,熔盐温度越低,相变后珠光体片层间距越小,抗拉强度越高;盘条塑性主要由相变前的加热条件决定,随着加热温度提高,原奥氏体晶粒尺寸变大,相变后盘条中的珠光体团与Block尺寸增加,盘条断面收缩率降低。

关键词: 盐浴, 等温淬火, 相变温度, 抗拉强度, 断面收缩率

Abstract: In order to investigate the phase transformation law of high carbon steel wire rod during isothermal quenching in salt bath, the cooling curves of high temperature wire rod after entering molten salt was measured by taking 92Si steel as the research object, and the convective heat transfer coefficient between the wire rod and molten salt was calculated by using Deform software, and then the cooling law of wire rod in molten salt was analyzed. In addition, the effects of heating temperature and salt bath isothermal temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of the wire were studied. The results show that the phase transformation heat is difficult to be transferred quickly during isothermal quenching, which leads to the continuous non-isotermal phase transformation of wire rod in molten salt. The heat transfer capacity of the molten salt can be improved by reducing molten salt temperature, and then the cooling effect of the wire rod can be improved. The tensile strength of the wire rod after salt bath isothermal quenching is mainly determined by the molten salt temperature, and reducing the molten salt temperature in the pearlite transformation temperature range leads to smaller pearlite lamellar spacing and higher tensile strength. The plasticity of the wire rod is mainly determined by the heating conditions before phase transformation. With the increase of heating temperature, the prior austenite grain size becomes larger, the size of pearlite colony and block in the wire rod after phase transformation increases, and the percentage reduction of area of the wire rod decreases.

Key words: salt bath, isothermal quenching, phase transformation temperature, tensile strength, percentage reduction of area

中图分类号:

TG156.5

王雷, 陆超, 李月云, 张宇. 高强缆索钢的盐浴等温淬火工艺[J]. 金属热处理, 2024, 49(10): 52-58.

Wang Lei, Lu Chao, Li Yueyun, Zhang Yu. Salt bath isothermal quenching process of high strength cable steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2024, 49(10): 52-58.

参考文献

[1]Kang J R. Global attractor for suspension bridge equations with memory[J]. Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences, 2016, 39(4): 762-775.
[2]蒋振雄. 超大跨径缆索承重桥梁新型结构体系研究与实践[J]. 江苏建筑, 2024(2): 1-9.
Jiang Zhenxiong. Research and practice on new structural system of super long span cable bearing bridge[J]. Jiangsu Architecture, 2024(2): 1-9.
[3]Tarui T, Nishida S, Yoshie A. Wire rod for 2000 MPa galvanized wire and 2300 MPa PC strand[J]. Nippon Steel Technical Report, 1999, 80: 44-49.
[4]王雷, 李月云, 胡磊, 等. 6.0 mm 2060 MPa级桥梁缆索镀锌铝钢丝用盘条的研制[J]. 金属材料与冶金工程, 2019, 47(5): 9-15.
Wang Lei, Li Yueyun, Hu Lei, et al. Development of wire rod for 6.0 mm 2060 MPa bridge cable galvanized aluminum steel wire[J]. Metal Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, 2019, 47(5): 9-15.
[5]刘澄, 徐恭义, 陈华青, 等. 1960 MPa级桥梁缆索镀锌钢丝用离线盐浴处理(QWTP)盘条[Z]. 2016.
Liu Cheng, Xu Gongyi, Chen Huaqing, et al. Off-line salt bath treated (QWTP) wire rod for 1960 MPa grade galvanized steel wire for bridge cables[Z]. 2016.
[6]母俊莉, 姚赞, 江晨鸣. 2000 MPa级斜拉桥用高强度钢丝开发[J]. 金属制品, 2020, 46(5): 10-14.
Mu Junli, Yao Zan, Jiang Chenming. Development of high strength steel wire for 2000 MPa grade cable-stayed bridge[J]. Metal Products, 2020, 46(5): 10-14.
[7]王林烽, 周立初, 陈华青, 等. φ5.35 mm-2100 MPa桥梁用锌铝钢丝的工艺与组织性能[J]. 钢铁, 2019, 54(2): 90-96.
Wang Linfeng, Zhou Lichu, Chen Huaqing, et al. Manufacturing technology, microstructural and mechanical properties of φ5.35 mm-2100 MPa grade hot galvalume steel wire for bridge cable[J]. Iron and Steel, 2019, 54(2): 90-96.
[8]王仁贵, 沈锐利, 魏乐永, 等. 主跨2300 m悬索桥自平衡体系及其力学特性研究[J]. 公路, 2023, 68(6): 14-20.
Wang Rengui, Shen Ruili, Wei Leyong, et al. Study on self-balanced system and its mechanical characteristics of suspension bridge with main span of 2300 m[J]. Highway, 2023, 68(6): 14-20.
[9]Huang J B F S. Effect of controlled cold air distribution on temperature profile and phase transformation of wire loops in the Stelmor air-cooling process[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2018, 143: 340-349.
[10]Hwang J K. Effects of nozzle shape and arrangement on the cooling performance of steel wire rod in the Stelmor cooling process[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2020, 164: 114461.
[11]Yu W H, Chen S H, Kuang Y H, et al. Development and application of online Stelmor controlled cooling system[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2009, 29(14/15): 2949-2953.
[12]Bargujer S S, Suri N M, Belokar R M. Pearlitic steel wire: High carbon steel based natural nanomaterial by lead patenting process[J]. Materials Today: Proceedings, 2016, 3(6): 1553-1562.
[13]冯路路, 吴开明, 鲁修宇, 等. 桥梁缆索用超高强度钢丝的研究现状及发展趋势[J]. 中国材料进展, 2020, 39(5): 395-403.
Feng Lulu, Wu Kaiming, Lu Xiuyu, et al. Research status and development trend of ultra-high strength steel wire for bridge cable[J]. Progress in Materials in China, 2020, 39(5): 395-403.
[14]Ohba H, Nishida S, Tarui T, et al. High-performance wire rods produced with DLP[J]. Nippon Steel Technical Report, 2007, 96: 50-56.
[15]刘澄, 朱帅, 李阳, 等. 环保型高强度桥梁缆索用盘条工业化热处理工艺的研发[C]//第十一届中国钢铁年会, 2017: 963-966.
[16]徐红, 陆毅, 谢学锋. 水浴与铅浴钢丝组织与性能对比研究[J]. 现代冶金, 2020, 48(2): 39-41.
Xu Hong, Lu Yi, Xie Xuefeng. Comparative study on microstructure and properties of water bath and lead bath steel wire[J]. Modern Metallurgy, 2020, 48(2): 39-41.
[17]郭宁, 栾佰峰, 周正, 等. 不同热处理工艺盘条微观组织及力学性能分析[J]. 材料热处理学报, 2012, 33(4): 44-49.
Guo Ning, Luan Baifeng, Zhou Zheng, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of steel wire rods by different heat treatment[J]. Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment, 2012, 33(4): 44-49.
[18]陈锐, 罗新民. 高碳钢钢丝在铅浴和CMC水溶液中的冷却行为[J]. 热加工工艺, 2006, 35(12): 29-32.
Chen Rui, Luo Xinmin. Cooling behaviors of high carbon steel wires in patenting and CMC solutions[J]. Hot Working Technology, 2006, 35(12): 29-32.
[19]Rao K M P, Prabhu N K. Effect of bath temperature on cooling performance of molten eutectic NaNO₃-KNO₃ quench medium for martempering of steels[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 2017, 48(10): 4895-4904.
[20]Rao K M P, Prabhu K N. Compositional and bath temperature effects on heat transfer during quenching in molten NaNO₃-KNO₃ salt mixtures[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 2020, 29(3): 1860-1868.
[21]胡磊, 王雷. 大规格SWRH82B盘条面缩性能影响因素[J]. 金属热处理, 2018, 43(3): 221-225.
Hu Lei, Wang Lei. Affecting factors on area reduction of large-size SWRH82B steel wire rod[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2018, 43(3): 221-225.
[22]Fujisawa T, Hamada S, Koga N, et al. Proposal for an engineering definition of a fatigue crack initiation unit for evaluating the fatigue limit on the basis of crystallographic analysis of pearlitic steel[J]. International Journal of Fracture, 2014, 185(1): 17-29.
[23]瞿熙, 鲍思前, 赵刚, 等. 高碳钢丝拉拔过程中的组织性能演变[J]. 材料科学与工程学报, 2021, 39(6): 937-942.
Qu Xi, Bao Siqian, Zhao Gang, et al. Evolution of microstructure and properties for high carbon steel wire during drawing[J]. Journal of Materials Science and Engineering, 2021, 39(6): 937-942.