时效处理对喷射成形2195铝锂合金搅拌摩擦焊接头组织与性能的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2024.10.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对8 mm厚的2195-T8铝锂合金进行不同焊接热输入的搅拌摩擦焊,并对焊接接头进行205 ℃时效不同时间(6、12、18、24 h)的焊后热处理,利用光学显微镜(OM)、透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、电子万能拉伸试验机等对接头组织和性能进行分析。结果表明,搅拌摩擦焊热输入为1250 J/cm时,焊接接头综合力学性能优良,接头显微硬度呈现“U”字形特征分布。经205 ℃时效处理后,随时效时间延长,接头焊核区T₁、θ′和δ′析出相不断增多,以T₁相为主,继续延长时效时间,析出相发生粗化;热影响区在原来分布有少量T₁相的基础上,T₁、θ′和δ′相不断增多,随时效时间延长,析出相的密度有所下降,T₁相和θ′相发生了长大和粗化,部分θ′相转变为θ相。接头力学性能在时效12 h后达到峰值,此时接头抗拉强度为497 MPa,达到母材强度的88.6%,但接头塑性下降,断口的断裂方式为沿晶断裂,接头显微硬度由原来的平均126.8 HV0.05增大到168.0 HV0.05。

关键词: 2195铝锂合金, 人工时效, 搅拌摩擦焊, 组织与性能

Abstract: Friction stir welding was conducted on 2195-T8 Al-Li alloy with 8 mm thickness under different welding heat input, and the welded joint was subjected to post-welding heat treatment at 205 ℃ for different aging time (6, 12, 18, 24 h). The microstructure and properties of the welded joint were analyzed by means of OM, TEM, SEM and universal tensile testing machine. The results show that when the heat input of friction stir welding is 1250 J/cm, the comprehensive mechanical properties of the welded joint are excellent, and the microhardness distribution of the joint is U-shaped. After aging at 205 ℃, in weld nugget zone, T₁, θ′ and δ′ precipitates increase with the aging time prolonging, and T₁ phase is the main phase, and then the precipitates coarsen with the aging time extend. In heat affected zone, based on the original distribution of a small number of T₁ phases, T₁, θ′ and δ′ phases increase gradually, and then with the increase of aging time, the density of precipitated phase decreases, T₁ and θ′ phases grow and coarsen, and some θ′ phases transform into θ phases. The mechanical properties of the welded joint reach the peak after aging for 12 h, the tensile strength of the joint is 497 MPa, which is 88.6% of the strength of the base material. However, the plasticity of the joint decreases, the fracture mode is intergranular fracture, and the microhardness of the joint increases from the original average 126.8 HV0.05 to 168.0 HV0.05.

Key words: 2195 Al-Li alloy, artificial aging, friction stir welding, microstructure and properties

中图分类号:

TG457.14

徐桂芳, 宋瑞智, 张杰. 时效处理对喷射成形2195铝锂合金搅拌摩擦焊接头组织与性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2024, 49(10): 78-84.

Xu Guifang, Song Ruizhi , Zhang Jie. Effect of aging process on microstructure and properties of spray formed 2195 Al-Li alloy friction stir welded joint[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2024, 49(10): 78-84.

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