淬火硝盐的劣化和再生

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2020.04.048

金属热处理 ›› 2020, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 229-235.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2020.04.048

淬火硝盐的劣化和再生

张福泉, 肖云威

宁乡核工业热处理材料有限责任公司, 湖南长沙 410600

收稿日期:2019-09-12 出版日期:2020-04-25 发布日期:2020-05-08
作者简介:张福泉(1964—),男,工程师,主要从事热处理工艺材料生产与研发,E-mail:zhfuqu@163.com

Degradation and regeneration of quenched nitrate

Zhang Fuquan, Xiao Yunwei

Ningxiang Nuclear Industry Heat Treatment Materials Co., Ltd., Changsha Hunan 410600, China

Received:2019-09-12 Online:2020-04-25 Published:2020-05-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 使用扫描电镜及能谱分析、化学分析方法,全面分析了使用硝盐浴进行分级淬火和等温淬火时,淬火硝盐劣化产物。结果表明:硝盐反应生成物(Na₂CO₃、NaOH),设备(主要是盐槽、盐泵、管道)、夹具、料盘及工件等氧化产物(FeO·Fe₂O₃·Fe₃O₄),外来物(灰尘,炭黑)是造成硝盐劣化的主要原因。据此,提出了预防淬火硝盐劣化措施:选用品质好的基盐;选用热稳定性较高的混合盐;保持淬火盐浴温度均匀,淬火前后温升可控,尽量避免“瞬间”过热使用;尽量避免外来杂质进入;做好日常维护。并简要介绍了淬火硝盐再生处理方法。

关键词: 硝盐, 劣化, 再生

Abstract: The deterioration products of nitrate bath used for step quenching or austempering were comprehensively analyzed by means of SEM, EDS and chemical analysis.The results show that nitrate degradation is mainly caused by the reaction products of nitrate (Na₂CO₃, NaOH), oxidation products (FeO·Fe₂O₃·Fe₃O₄) of equipment (mainly salt bath, salt pump, pipeline and roller),fixtures,pans and workpieces and foreign substances (dust, carbon black) during the use of nitrate. Accordingly, the counter-measures to prevent deterioration of quenched nitrate are put forward, including choosing base salt with good quality or mixed salt with high thermal stability, keeping the temperature of the quenching salt bath uniform, controlling the temperature rise before and after quenching, trying to avoid “instantaneous” overheating and foreign impurities, and doing daily maintenance well. And the method of regeneration of quenched nitrate is also briefly introduced.

Key words: nitrate, deterioration, regeneration

中图分类号:

X758

张福泉, 肖云威. 淬火硝盐的劣化和再生[J]. 金属热处理, 2020, 45(4): 229-235.

Zhang Fuquan, Xiao Yunwei. Degradation and regeneration of quenched nitrate[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2020, 45(4): 229-235.

参考文献

[1]张峦, 顾敏, 王爱香, 等. 硝盐淬火介质的冷却特性[J]. 金属热处理, 2015, 40(6): 212-215.
Zhang Luan, Gu Min, Wang Aixiang, et al. Cooling characteristics of nitrate quenching medium[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2015, 40(6): 212-215.
[2]殷汉奇, 许红军. 硝盐淬火技术[J]. 热处理, 2015, 30(3): 36-39.
Yin Hanqi, Xu Hongjun. Quenching in nitrate-nitrite salt[J]. Heat Treatment, 2015, 30(3): 36-39.
[3]赫佳, 尚玉俊, 赵清环, 等. 一种熔盐中无机盐成分的快速检测方法[J]. 河南职工医学学院学报, 2008, 20(6): 561-563.
Hao Jia, Shang Yujun, Zhao Qinghuan, et al. A rapid detection method for inorganic salts in molten salts[J]. Journal of Henan Medical College for Staff and Workers, 2008, 20(6): 561-563.
[4]路青梅. 载热熔盐中硝酸根分析方法[J]. 河北化工, 2007, 30(9): 65.
Lu Qingmei. Analysis method of nitrate in the molten salts[J]. Hebei Chemical Industry, 2007, 30(9): 65.
[5]龙兵, 魏小兰, 丁静, 等. 三元硝酸熔盐高温劣化的化学热力学计算[J]. 太阳能学报, 2011, 32(2): 253-255.
Long Bing, Wei Xiaolan, Ding Jing, et al. Chemical thermodynamics calculation of three elements nitrate degradation at high temperature[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2011, 32(2): 253-255.
[6]王健, 刘金海, 赵雪勃, 等. 等温淬火硝盐“结垢”的形成机制及预防措施[J]. 材料热处理学报, 2013, 34(11): 39-41.
Wang Jian, Liu Jinhai, Zhao Xuebo, et al. Mechanism of nitrate formation and its prevention during austempering process[J]. Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment, 2013, 34(11): 39-41.
[7]Foreman R W. 盐浴淬火的新发展[J]. 铸锻热-热处理实践, 1994(2): 8-9.
Foreman R W. New development of salt bath quenching[J]. Practice of Casting-forging Thermal Treatment, 1994(2): 8-9.
[8]吴玉庭, 王涛, 马重芳, 等. 二元混合硝酸盐的配制及性能[J]. 太阳能学报, 2012, 33(1): 149-152.
Wu Yuting, Wang Tao, Ma Zhongfang, et al. Preparation and experimental study of binary nitrate salts[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2012, 33(1): 149-152.

淬火硝盐的劣化和再生

Degradation and regeneration of quenched nitrate

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 4

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	丁盛，马良，许仁伟，黄星，顾晓明. 硝基浴淬火烈度的计算及分析[J]. 金属热处理, 2016, 41(4): 133-136.
[2]	张峦，顾敏，王爱香，李宝奎，苏兴武. 硝盐淬火介质的冷却特性[J]. 金属热处理, 2015, 40(6): 212-215.
[3]	张峦，王爱香，李宝奎，顾敏. 渗碳齿轮盐浴分级淬火工艺研究及应用[J]. 金属热处理, 2015, 40(3): 173-178.
[4]	吴业琼, 向巧, 何勇, 陈海生, 胡兵. 浅论航空发动机涡轮转子叶片再生热处理的主要技术路径[J]. 金属热处理, 2015, 40(11): 176-178.