金属热处理 ›› 2020, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (8): 245-248.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2020.08.047

• 测试与分析 • 上一篇    下一篇

锅炉水冷壁管开裂原因分析

徐卫仙1, 乔立捷1, 梁志刚2   

  1. 1.华电电力科学研究院有限公司,浙江 杭州 310030;
    2.华电能源股份有限公司富拉尔基发电厂, 黑龙江 齐齐哈尔 161041
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-06 出版日期:2020-08-25 发布日期:2020-09-07
  • 作者简介:徐卫仙(1989—),女,中级工程师,硕士,主要研究方向为电厂的金属材料,E-mail:weixian-xu@chder.com

Causes analysis of cracking of boiler water wall tube

Xu Weixian1, Qiao Lijie1, Liang Zhigang2   

  1. 1. Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co. , Ltd. , Hangzhou Zhejiang 310030, China;
    2. Huadian Energy Co. , Ltd. Fulaerji Power Plant, Qiqihar Heilongjiang 161041, China
  • Received:2020-02-06 Online:2020-08-25 Published:2020-09-07

摘要: 针对某火电厂锅炉水冷壁管开裂情况,通过宏观形貌、材质分析、硬度检测、显微组织检测、扫描电镜、能谱分析和XRD等手段,对水冷壁开裂管进行取样分析。结果表明水冷壁管开裂的原因是氢腐蚀;主裂纹内部和氧化层缝隙存在大量铜,氧化层导热性能差,恶化局部传热,局部热负荷超过一定极限时,大大加速铜在主裂纹处富集,富集的铜元素又加速了裂纹的扩展。

关键词: 水冷壁管, 氢损伤,

Abstract: Aiming at the cracking of the water wall tube of a thermal power plant boiler, the failed water wall tube was sampled and analyzed by means of macroscopic morphology, material analysis, hardness test, metallographic structure inspection, scanning electron microscopy, energy spectrum analysis and XRD. The results show that the cause of the cracking of the water wall tube is hydrogen corrosion. There is a large amount of copper observed inside the main crack and oxide gaps. Owing to the poor thermal conductivity of the oxide layer, the local heat transfer is deteriorated. When the local heat load exceeds a certain limit, copper element is greatly enriched at the main crack, and the enriched copper accelerates the propagation of crack.

Key words: water wall tube, hydrogen corrosion, copper

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