55%SiCp/2024Al复合材料时效过程的微观组织与力学性能

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2022.01.024

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 选用粒径为12 μm的SiC颗粒和19 μm的2024铝合金粉末,采用热等静压工艺制备体积分数为55%的SiC_p/2024Al复合材料,研究固溶时效处理对SiC_p/2024Al复合材料微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,真空热等静压法制备的复合材料组织致密,SiC颗粒与铝合金结合良好。时效过程中SiC_p/2024Al复合材料呈现出双峰时效行为,与铝合金相比,复合材料提前达到峰时效状态,此时基体中主要强化相为θ″相与S″相。与烧结态相比,复合材料硬度从255 HBW提高到281 HBW,抗弯强度从633 MPa提高到747 MPa。

关键词: 铝基复合材料, 热等静压, 时效, 力学性能

Abstract: Effect of aging treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of 55vol%SiC_p/2024Al composite prepared by hot-isostatic pressing (HIP) process and using SiC particles with average size of 12 μm and 2024 aluminum alloy powders with average size of 19 μm, was studied. The results show that there is a compact structure and good bonding between SiC and aluminum alloy of the HIP processed SiC_p/2024Al composite. The SiC_p/2024Al composite exhibits “double-peak phenomenon” in the aging treatment process. In comparison, the maximum hardness of the aged SiC_p/2024Al composite arrives earlier than that for the 2024Al alloy, and the main strengthening phases in the matrix are θ″ phase and S″ phase. Compared with as-sintered composite, the hardness and bending strength of the aged composite are improved from 255 HBW to 281 HBW and from 633 MPa to 747 MPa, respectively.

Key words: aluminum matrix composite, hot-isostatic pressing, aging, mechanical properties

中图分类号:

TB333.1⁺2

崔岩, 董和谦, 曹雷刚, 杨越, 蒙毅. 55%SiC_p/2024Al复合材料时效过程的微观组织与力学性能[J]. 金属热处理, 2022, 47(1): 142-148.

Cui Yan, Dong Heqian, Cao Leigang, Yang Yue, Meng Yi. Microstructure and mechanical properties of 55%SiC_p/2024Al composite during aging process[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2022, 47(1): 142-148.

参考文献

[1]邱翠榕. 车制动用SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料的性能研究[J]. 粉末冶金工业, 2019, 29(4): 38-41.
Qiu Cuirong. Study on properties of SiC particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites for vehicle braking[J]. Powder Metallurgy Industry, 2019, 29(4): 38-41.
[2]程志峰, 张葆, 崔岩, 等. 高体份SiC/Al复合材料在无人机载光电稳定平台中的应用[J]. 光学精密工程, 2009, 17(11): 2820-2827.
Cheng Zhifeng, Zhang Bao, Cui Yan, et al. Application of high volume fraction SiC/Al composites to unmanned airborne photoelectric platforms[J]. Optics and Precision Engineering, 2009, 17(11): 2820-2827.
[3]程思扬, 曹琪, 包建勋, 等. 中高体积分数SiC_p/Al复合材料研究进展[J]. 中国光学, 2019, 12(5): 1064-1075.
Cheng Siyang, Cao Qi, Bao Jianxun, et al. Research and development of medium/high volume fraction SiC_p/Al composites[J]. Chinese Optics, 2019, 12(5): 1064-1075.
[4]汝娟坚, 贺涵. 陶瓷颗粒增强金属基复合材料的制备方法及研究进展[J]. 科技创新与应用, 2019(19): 116-117.
[5]崔蕊, 王日初, 彭超群, 等. 镍包覆碳化硅颗粒增强Al2519复合材料的制备和性能研究[J]. 铝加工, 2019(3): 14-18.
Cui Rui, Wang Richu, Peng Chaoqun, et al. Prepare and properties for Ni-coated SiC particles reinforced Al2519 matrix composites[J]. Aluminium Fabrication, 2019(3): 14-18.
[6]Foister S A M, Johnston M W, Little J A. The interaction of liquid aluminium with silicon carbide and nitride-based ceramics[J]. Journal of Materials Science Letters, 1993, 12(4): 209-211.
[7]丁科, 李炜, 毕娟娟, 等. 铝合金中Mg₂Si相的时效析出过程[J]. 特种铸造及有色合金, 2009, 29(12): 1160-1164.
Ding Ke, Li Wei, Bi Juanjuan, et al. Survey of aging precipitation process of Mg₂Si phase in aluminum alloy[J]. Special Casting and Nonferrous Alloys, 2009, 29(12): 1160-1164.
[8]朱刚, 赵海东, 陈振明, 等. 6061和SiC_p/6061合金时效析出动力学[J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2017, 27(10): 1996-2004.
Zhu Gang, Zhao Haidong, Chen Zhenming, et al. Kinetics of precipitation during aging of 6061 and SiC_p/6061 alloys[J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2017, 27(10): 1996-2004.
[9]张琪, 王全兆, 肖伯律, 等. 粉末冶金制备SiC_p/2009Al复合材料的相组成和元素分布[J]. 金属学报, 2012, 48(2): 135-141.
Zhang Qi, Wang Quanzhao, Xiao Bolü, et al. Phases and elemental distributions in SiC_p/Al-Cu-Mg composite fabricated by powder metallurgy[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 2012, 48(2): 135-141.
[10]Kang P, Zhao Q, Guo S, et al. Optimisation of the spark plasma sintering process for high volume fraction SiC_p/Al composites by orthogonal experimental design[J]. Ceramics International, 2021, 47(3): 3816-3825.
[11]李书志, 王铁军, 刘桂荣, 等. 热等静压法制备SiC_p/Al复合材料的组织及性能研究[J]. 粉末冶金工业, 2018, 28(3): 29-33.
Li Shuzhi, Wang Tiejun, Liu Guirong, et al. Microstructure and properties of SiC_p/Al composites prepared by hot isostatic pressing[J]. Powder Metallurgy Industry, 2018, 28(3): 29-33.
[12]兖利鹏, 文秀海, 原国森. 粉末冶金制备SiC_p/6061Al复合材料的显微组织和力学性能研究[J]. 粉末冶金工业, 2017, 27(3): 53-56.
Yan Lipeng, Wen Xiuhai, Yuan Guosen. Microstructure and mechanical properties of SiC_p/6061Al composites prepared by powder metallurgy method[J]. Powder Metallurgy Industry, 2017, 27(3): 53-56.
[13]李晶, 荣健, 吕海青, 等. 固溶温度对SiC_p/Al复合材料组织及残余应力的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2019, 44(8): 154-157.
Li Jing, Rong Jian, Lü Haiqing, et al. Influence of solution treatment temperature on microstructure and residual stress of SiC_p/Al composite[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2019, 44(8): 154-157.
[14]郭奕文, 邓运来, 王宇, 等. 2024铝合金航空座椅支承零件等温模锻成形研究[J]. 锻压技术, 2016, 41(8): 12-17.
Guo Yiwen, Deng Yunlai, Wang Yu, et al. Study on isothermal mould forging for aviation seat supporting parts of aluminum alloy 2024[J]. Forging and Stamping Technology, 2016, 41(8): 12-17.
[15]柳培, 王爱琴, 郝世明, 等. 热处理过程中SiC_p/2024Al基复合材料的微观组织演变[J]. 材料热处理学报, 2015, 36(3): 8-14.
Liu Pei, Wang Aiqin, Hao Shiming, et al. Microstructure evolution of SiC_p/2024Al composite during heat treatment[J]. Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment, 2015, 36(3): 8-14.
[16]Jin P, Xiao B L, Wang Q Z, et al. Effect of solution temperature on aging behavior and properties of SiC_p/Al-Cu-Mg composites[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2011, 528(3): 1504-1511.
[17]Cui Y, Jin T Z, Cao L G, et al. Aging behavior of high volume fraction SiC_p/Al composites fabricated by pressureless infiltration[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2016, 681: 233-239.
[18]王秀芳, 武高辉, 姜龙涛, 等. 位错对高体积分数SiC_P/2024Al时效行为的影响[J]. 复合材料学报, 2004(1): 61-67.
Wang Xiufang, Wu Gaohui, Jiang Longtao, et al. Effect of dislocations on the aging behavior of high volume fraction SiC_p/2024Al composite[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2004(1): 61-67.
[19]宋宇峰, 肖来荣, 丁学锋, 等. 残余应力和第二相对Al-Cu-Mg合金微尺寸变化的影响[J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2019, 29(3): 467-473.
Song Yufeng, Xiao Lairong, Ding Xuefeng, et al. Effect of residual stress and second phases on dimensional change of Al-Cu-Mg alloy[J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2019, 29(3): 467-473.
[20]Song M, Li X, Chen K H. Modeling the age-hardening behavior of SiC/Al metal matrix composites[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 2007, 38(3): 638-648.
[21]Chen X L, Marioara C D, Andersen S J, et al. Precipitation processes and structural evolutions of various GPB zones and two types of S phases in a cold-rolled Al-Mg-Cu alloy[J]. Materials and Design, 2021, 199: 109425.
[22]张勇, 李红萍, 康唯, 等. 高强铝合金时效微结构演变与性能调控[J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2017, 27(7): 1323-1336.
Zhang Yong, Li Hongping, Kang Wei, et al. Aging microstructure evolution in high strength aluminum alloys and performance controlling[J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2017, 27(7): 1323-1336.
[23]Gupta A K, Gaunt P, Chaturvedi M C. The crystallography and morphology of the S′-phase precipitate in an Al(CuMg) alloy[J]. Philosophical Magazine A, 1978, 3(55): 375-387.
[24]李念奎, 凌杲, 聂波, 等. 铝合金材料及其热处理技术[M]. 北京: 冶金工业出版社, 2014: 392-393.
[25]崔岩, 倪浩晨, 曹雷刚, 等. SiC颗粒整形对高体分铝基复合材料力学性能的影响及有限元模拟[J]. 材料导报, 2019, 33(24): 4126-4130.
Cui Yan, Ni Haochen, Cao Leigang, et al. Effect of SiC particle shaping on mechanical property of aluminum matrix composite with high volume fraction reinforcement and finite element analysis[J]. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(24): 4126-4130.