扫描速率对SLM成形718HH模具钢成形性的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2023.04.025

金属热处理 ›› 2023, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (4): 155-160.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2023.04.025

扫描速率对SLM成形718HH模具钢成形性的影响

张梦醒, 马党参, 周健, 迟宏宵, 王长军

钢铁研究总院有限公司特殊钢研究院, 北京 100081

收稿日期:2022-05-10 修回日期:2022-11-23 发布日期:2023-05-27
通讯作者: 周健,高级工程师,博士,E-mail:zhou-jian-168@163.com
作者简介:张梦醒(1994—),女,博士研究生,主要研究方向为金属增材制造,E-mail:734218890@qq.com。
基金资助:
宁波市科技计划(2018B10003)

Effect of scanning speed on formability of 718HH mould steel produced by selective laser melting

Zhang Mengxing, Ma Dangshen, Zhou Jian, Chi Hongxiao, Wang Changjun

Research Institute of Special Steels, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100081, China

Received:2022-05-10 Revised:2022-11-23 Published:2023-05-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用选区激光熔化成形技术于激光扫描速度800~1100 mm/s范围内制备了718HH塑料模具钢试样。采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和半自动显微硬度计研究了激光扫描速率对选区激光熔化成形718HH塑料模具钢试样成形质量、显微组织和显微硬度的影响规律。研究表明,随着扫描速率的增加,成形件内部孔洞的数量增多、尺寸变大,且侧表面边界出现不同程度的裂纹;腐蚀后的成形件,其组织主要由马氏体组成,侧表面可以观察到典型的熔池形貌,且随着扫描速率的增大,熔池分布越来越不均匀;成形件具有较高的显微硬度,由于晶粒尺寸、残余应力以及孔洞裂纹等缺陷的综合影响,成形件的平均显微硬度随着扫描速率的增加呈现先升高后降低的趋势。当扫描速率为800 mm/s时,成形件内部几乎没有孔洞和裂纹等缺陷,成形组织致密,且具有良好的显微硬度,适用于718HH模具钢的选区激光熔化成形。

关键词: 选区激光熔化, 718HH塑料模具钢, 扫描速率, 成形质量, 显微组织, 显微硬度

Abstract: 718HH plastic mould steel parts were prepared by selective laser melting in the laser scanning speed range of 800-1100 mm/s, and the influence of laser scanning speed on forming quality, microstructure and microhardness of the 718HH plastic mould steel specimens produced by selective laser melting was studied by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and semi-automatic microhardness tester. The results show that with the increase of the scanning speed, the number and size of holes inside the formed parts increase, and cracks of different degrees appear on the side surface boundary. The microstructure of the formed parts is mainly composed of martensite as revealed by metallographic etching, the typical molten pool morphology can be observed on the side surface, and the distribution of the molten pool becomes more and more uneven with the increase of the scanning speed. The formed parts have higher microhardness, and due to the comprehensive influence of grain size, residual stress, hole cracks and other defects, the average microhardness of molded parts shows a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the increase of the scanning speed. When the scanning speed is 800 mm/s, there are almost no defects such as holes and cracks inside the part, the formed microstructure is dense and has a good microhardness value, so it is suitable for the selective laser melting of the 718HH plastic mould steel.

Key words: selective laser melting, 718HH plastic mould steel, scanning speed, forming quality, microstructure, microhardness

中图分类号:

TG142.1

张梦醒, 马党参, 周健, 迟宏宵, 王长军. 扫描速率对SLM成形718HH模具钢成形性的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2023, 48(4): 155-160.

Zhang Mengxing, Ma Dangshen, Zhou Jian, Chi Hongxiao, Wang Changjun. Effect of scanning speed on formability of 718HH mould steel produced by selective laser melting[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2023, 48(4): 155-160.

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扫描速率对SLM成形718HH模具钢成形性的影响

Effect of scanning speed on formability of 718HH mould steel produced by selective laser melting

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