汽车用Q&P钢的研究进展

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2023.07.041

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 从Q&P钢的生产工艺、合金元素的作用、C配分热力学与动力学和工艺参数的影响4个方面介绍了目前Q&P钢的研究现状,并对Q&P钢未来的研究方向作出展望。Q&P钢经过淬火和配分热处理工艺,在室温下组织为马氏体和残留奥氏体,马氏体提供高强度,残留奥氏体在受到应力或应变的情况下会产生TRIP效应,在提高强度的同时增强塑性变形能力。Q&P钢核心在于获得更多稳定的残留奥氏体,其关键取决于C的配分过程,而通过热力学理论模型计算可以预测最佳淬火温度。添加合金元素可以起到抑制碳化物的析出、细化奥氏体晶粒和稳定奥氏体的作用。工艺参数对Q&P钢显微组织和力学性能的影响较大,淬火温度决定了一次马氏体的含量和后续的配分过程,配分温度和配分时间显著影响C原子的扩散动力,选择合适的工艺参数尤为重要。

关键词: Q&P钢, 残留奥氏体, 力学性能, 显微组织

Abstract: Current research status of Q&P steel was introduced through four aspects: the production process of Q&P steel, the role of alloying elements, the thermodynamics and dynamics of C composition and the influence of process parameters, and the future research direction of Q&P steel was prospected. The microstructure of Q&P steel after quenching and partitioning process is martensite and retained austenite, the martensite provides high strength and the retained austenite produces a TRIP effect to enhance the plastic deformation ability with effect of stress and strain. The heart of the Q&P process is to get the maximum availability of stable retained austenite, which depends critically on the partitioning process of C, and the optimal quenching temperature can be predicted by thermodynamic theoretical model calculations. The addition of alloying elements can inhibit the precipitation of carbides, refine austenite grains and stabilize austenite. The process parameters have a great influence on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the Q&P steel, the quenching temperature determines the content of initial martensite and the subsequent partitioning process, and the partitioning temperature and partitioning time significantly affect the diffusion power of C atoms, so it is particularly important to select the appropriate process parameters.

Key words: Q&P steel, retained austenite, mechanical properties, microstructure

中图分类号:

TG142.1

高学然, 陈晓虎, 原思宇, 王旭. 汽车用Q&P钢的研究进展[J]. 金属热处理, 2023, 48(7): 245-253.

Gao Xueran, Chen Xiaohu, Yuan Siyu, Wang Xu. Research progress of Q&P steel for automobiles[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2023, 48(7): 245-253.

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