固溶处理对低压铸造ZL114A铝合金力学性能及显微组织的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2023.10.026

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以低压铸造ZL114A铝合金为研究对象,通过Jmatpro模拟以及布氏硬度计、万能试验机、光学显微镜等设备研究了ZL114A铝合金铸态的显微组织、力学性能以及固溶处理对组织、性能的影响规律。结果表明,铸态ZL114A铝合金的硬度仅为40.4 HBW,抗拉强度和屈服强度仅为126.0 MPa和66.0 MPa,伸长率为14.7%,基体为等轴枝状组织,主要由α-Al相、初生Si相、光滑细小的Mg₂Si相以及Al、Si共晶相组成。合金在540 ℃×6 h固溶处理后T6态的抗拉强度、屈服强度、伸长率分别为345.7 MPa、300.0 MPa和7.67%。随着固溶时间延长至14.5 h,合金性能及组织变化不大;在550 ℃固溶时,合金的力学性能、显微组织与540 ℃固溶时差异不大;而在530 ℃固溶时,由于Mg₂Si相回溶不充分,导致固溶强化和弥散强化效果偏低,合金力学性能较差。

关键词: ZL114A铝合金, 固溶处理, 低压铸造, 力学性能, 显微组织

Abstract: Low pressure cast ZL114A aluminum alloy was used as the test material. Microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast ZL114A aluminum alloy as well as the effect of solution treatment on microstructure and properties were studied by means of Jmatpro simulation, Brinell hardness tester, universal testing machine, optical microscope. The results show that the hardness of the as-cast ZL114A aluminum alloy is only 40.4 HBW, the tensile strength and yield strength are only 126.0 MPa and 66.0 MPa, respectively, and the elongation is 14.7%, moreover, the matrix is equiaxed dendritic structure, which is mainly composed of α-Al phase, primary Si phase, smooth and fine Mg₂Si phase and Al and Si eutectic phase. The tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the alloy in T6 state with solution treatment of 540 ℃ for 6 h are 345.7 MPa, 300.0 MPa and 7.67%, respectively. As the solution time extends to 14.5 h, the properties and microstructure of the alloy change a little. When the solution temperature is 550 ℃, the mechanical properties and microstructure of the alloy are different insignificantly from those of 540 ℃. However, when the solution temperature is 530 ℃, due to insufficient redissolution of Mg₂Si phase, the effect of solution strengthening and dispersion strengthening are relatively low, resulting in poor mechanical properties of the alloy.

Key words: ZL114A aluminum alloy, solution treatment, low pressure casting, mechanical properties, microstructure

中图分类号:

TG161

田少鲲, 王萍, 郁瑞兴, 陈鑫, 朱世豪, 高新亮, 黄艳军, 庄圆宏. 固溶处理对低压铸造ZL114A铝合金力学性能及显微组织的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2023, 48(10): 175-181.

Tian Shaokun, Wang Ping, Yu Ruixing, Chen Xin, Zhu Shihao, Gao Xinliang, Huang Yanjun, Zhuang Yuanhong. Effect of solution treatment on mechanical properties and microstructure of low pressure cast ZL114A aluminum alloy[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2023, 48(10): 175-181.

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