回火工艺对铁路用A3车轴钢组织及力学性能的影响

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2024.01.032

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过试验探讨了不同回火工艺对铁路车辆用A3车轴钢的显微组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明,在860 ℃的淬火条件下,回火温度为640~740 ℃时,A3车轴钢的淬火+回火显微组织均为回火索氏体。在试验的回火温度区间内,随回火温度的逐渐升高,A3车轴钢在常温下的抗拉强度、屈服强度呈下降趋势,而其冲击吸收能量、断后伸长率以及断面收缩率呈上升趋势。在640~680 ℃范围内回火温度逐渐升高时,冲击吸收能量有显著的提高;但在680~740 ℃范围内回火温度逐渐升高时,冲击吸收能量逐渐增加,但增幅较小。在860 ℃淬火的工艺条件下,为满足A3车轴钢的各项性能,其回火温度应该控制在680~720 ℃。

关键词: A3车轴钢, 回火温度, 组织, 力学性能

Abstract: Effects of different tempering processes on microstructure and mechanical properties of A3 axle steel for railway vehicles were investigated through experiments. The results show that microstructure of the A3 axle steel is tempered sorbite when quenched at 860 ℃ and tempered at 640-740 ℃, and the room temperature tensile strength and yield strength show a decreasing trend with the gradual increase of the tempering temperature, while the impact absorbed energy, elongation and percentage reduction of area show an increasing trend. When the tempering temperature is gradually increased in the range of 640-680 ℃, there is a significant increase in the impact absorbed energy. However, when the tempering temperature is gradually increased in the range of 680-740 ℃, the impact absorbed energy gradually increases but the increase extent is small. Under the process condition of quenching at 860 ℃, in order to meet the various properties of the A3 axle steel, its tempering temperature should be controlled at 680-720 ℃.

Key words: A3 axle steel, tempering temperature, microstructure, mechanical properties

中图分类号:

TG161

赵志刚, 陈建礼, 张锦文, 王松伟, 王育田. 回火工艺对铁路用A3车轴钢组织及力学性能的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2024, 49(1): 202-205.

Zhao Zhigang, Chen Jianli, Zhang Jinwen, Wang Songwei, Wang Yutian. Effect of tempering process on microstructure and mechanical properties of A3 axle steel for railway[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2024, 49(1): 202-205.

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