TiC纳米颗粒强化9Cr耐热钢的微观组织及力学性能

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.01.029

金属热处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (1): 187-194.DOI: 10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.01.029

TiC纳米颗粒强化9Cr耐热钢的微观组织及力学性能

朱晓龙¹, 王争辉², 王文焱¹, 谢敬佩¹, 刁晓刚³, 张飞扬¹

1.河南科技大学材料科学与工程学院, 河南洛阳 471023;
2.洛阳洛北重工机械有限公司, 河南洛阳 471100;
3.中信重工洛阳重铸铁业有限责任公司, 河南洛阳 471632

收稿日期:2024-10-12 修回日期:2024-12-05 出版日期:2025-01-25 发布日期:2025-03-12
作者简介:朱晓龙(1987—),男,工程师,硕士,主要研究方向为材料与化工,E-mail:zhuxiaolong@lbzg.com

Microstructure and mechanical properties of 9Cr heat-resistant steel strengthened by TiC nanoparticles

Zhu Xiaolong¹, Wang Zhenghui², Wang Wenyan¹, Xie Jingpei¹, Diao Xiaogang³, Zhang Feiyang¹

1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang Henan 471023, China;
2. Luoyang Luobei Heavy Industry Machinery Co., Ltd., Luoyang Henan 471100, China;
3. CITIC Heavy Industries Co., Ltd., Luoyang Henan 471632, China

Received:2024-10-12 Revised:2024-12-05 Online:2025-01-25 Published:2025-03-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为提高汽轮机用耐热钢的高温强度,制备了添加不同含量TiC纳米颗粒(质量分数分别为0%、0.01%、0.05%、0.1%)的9Cr耐热钢,利用高温激光扫描共聚焦显微镜(LSCM)、光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)等分析了含0.01%TiC纳米颗粒耐热钢的显微组织,并通过拉伸和冲击试验分析了力学性能。结果表明,TiC纳米颗粒的加入能明显增强9Cr耐热钢的600 ℃高温强度,且当添加量为0.01%时,抗拉强度最大为356 MPa,断裂时应变为38%;含0.01%TiC纳米颗粒的9Cr耐热钢在空冷条件下得到马氏体组织,第二相碳化物类别为M₆C,TiC纳米颗粒分布在晶内起到弥散强化作用;添加量为0.01%的耐热钢经1040 ℃退火+990 ℃正火+740 ℃回火后的综合力学性能优良,硬度、抗拉强度、屈服强度、伸长率和断面收缩率分别为177 HBS、734 MPa、538 MPa、15.45%和31.15%,拉伸断口观察有大量韧窝,为韧性断裂;室温冲击吸收能量为116 J,韧脆转变温度FATT₅₀为-15 ℃。

关键词: 纳米颗粒增强, 9Cr耐热钢, 汽轮机, 微观组织, 力学性能

Abstract: In order to improve the high temperature strength of heat-resistant steel for steam turbine, 9Cr heat-resistant steels with different contents of TiC nanoparticles (mass fraction of 0%, 0.01%, 0.05% and 0.1%) were prepared. The microstructure of the tested steel with 0.01%TiC nanoparticles was analyzed by using high temperature laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the mechanical properties were studied by tensile and impact tests. The results show that the addition of TiC nanoparticles can significantly enhance the high-temperature strength at 600 ℃ of the 9Cr heat-resistant steel, and when the addition amount is 0.01%, the maximum tensile strength is 356 MPa, and the strain at fracture is 38%. The martensite structure is obtained for the tested steel with 0.01% TiC nanoparticles under air-cooling conditions, the second-phase carbide category is M₆C, and the distribution of TiC nanoparticles in the grains plays a role in dispersive strengthening. The tested steel with an addition of 0.01%TiC nanoparticles has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties after annealing at 1040 ℃+normalizing at 990 ℃+tempering at 740 ℃, with the hardness, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and reduction of area of 177 HBS, 734 MPa, 538 MPa, 15.45% and 31.15%, respectively, and a large number of dimples are observed in the tensile fracture, indicating ductile fracture. The impact absorbed energy at room temperature is 116 J, and the ductile-brittle transition temperature FATT₅₀ is -15 ℃.

Key words: nanoparticle strengthening, 9Cr heat-resistant steel, steam turbine, microstructure, mechanical properties

中图分类号:

TG142.4

朱晓龙, 王争辉, 王文焱, 谢敬佩, 刁晓刚, 张飞扬. TiC纳米颗粒强化9Cr耐热钢的微观组织及力学性能[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(1): 187-194.

Zhu Xiaolong, Wang Zhenghui, Wang Wenyan, Xie Jingpei, Diao Xiaogang, Zhang Feiyang. Microstructure and mechanical properties of 9Cr heat-resistant steel strengthened by TiC nanoparticles[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(1): 187-194.

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TiC纳米颗粒强化9Cr耐热钢的微观组织及力学性能

Microstructure and mechanical properties of 9Cr heat-resistant steel strengthened by TiC nanoparticles

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