第四代反应堆用316H不锈钢锻件550 ℃持久性能及组织演变

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2025.02.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用持久试验机测试了316H不锈钢锻件550 ℃下的持久强度,并采用光学电镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)和能谱仪(EDS)等,分析了持久断裂试样的断口形貌与微观组织。结果表明,316H不锈钢锻件在550 ℃下具有较高的持久强度,经等温线外推方程计算,10 000 h的断裂应力为314 MPa,远高于ASME设计规范。316H不锈钢锻件持久断口为韧窝断裂与沿晶断裂混合形貌,随着断裂时间延长,沿晶断裂比例逐渐增加,持久裂纹源逐渐由非金属夹杂物转变为晶界第二相。316H钢锻件在550 ℃持久试验过程中表现出较好的组织稳定性,随着应力的降低,断裂时间延长,晶粒尺寸逐渐增大,晶界面积减小,晶界处仅析出少量M₂₃C₆以及σ相。

关键词: 第四代反应堆, 316H不锈钢锻件, 持久强度, M₂₃C₆相, σ相

Abstract: Creep rupture strength of 316H stainless steel forging was tested by rupture test machines at 550 ℃, and the fracture morphology and microstructure of the fracture specimens were analyzed by optical electron microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results indicate that the 316H stainless steel forging has high creep rupture strength at 550 ℃, the creep rupture stress after 10 000 h determined through the isothermal extrapolation method is 314 MPa, which significantly exceeds the ASME design criteria. The fracture morphology of the 316H stainless steel forging consists of both dimple and intergranular fracture patterns. As the fracture duration increases, the proportion of intergranular fracture progressively rises, and the origin of the fractures transitions from non-metallic inclusions into second-phase particles at the grain boundaries. The 316H steel forging displays good structural stability throughout the 550 ℃ rupture test. As the applied stress reduces and fracture duration extends, the grain size progressively increases, the grain boundary area diminishes, and only a small amount of M₂₃C₆ and σ phases are precipitated at the grain boundaries

Key words: generation IV reactor, 316H stainless steel forging, creep rupture strength, M₂₃C₆ phase, σ phase

中图分类号:

TG115.2

张智峰, 赵吉庆, 王晓芳, 王云海, 杨钢. 第四代反应堆用316H不锈钢锻件550 ℃持久性能及组织演变[J]. 金属热处理, 2025, 50(2): 15-22.

Zhang Zhifeng, Zhao Jiqing, Wang Xiaofang, Wang Yunhai, Yang Gang. Creep rupture property at 550 ℃ and microstructure evolution of 316H stainless steel forging for generation IV reactor[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2025, 50(2): 15-22.

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