Alloying mode and microstructure control of ultra-high strength steels for automobile

doi:10.13251/j.issn.0254-6051.2021.04.004

Abstract

Abstract: Ultra-high strength steels (UHSS) are widely applied in the automobile industry by the excellent strength, ductility and toughness. The alloying modes and strengthening mechanism of ultra-high strength steels for automobile were introduced in detail. And the plasticizing effect of microstructure generated by the austenite and its phase transformation, and the regulation method of microstructure were elucidated in detail.

Key words: ultra-high strength steel, alloying, transformation-induced plasticity, twinning-induced plasticity, retained austenite

CLC Number:

TG142

Liang Jingyu, Shi Zengmin, Xie Hao, Deng Lichengui, Li Guangyu, Dai Lei. Alloying mode and microstructure control of ultra-high strength steels for automobile[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2021, 46(4): 20-25.

References

[1] Czyryca E J.Advances in high strength steel technology for Naval Hull construction[J].Key Engineering Materials,1993,84-85:491-520.
[2] 赵一鸣,郑德兵,柳一凡.基于车身轻量化技术的高强钢应用趋势[J].汽车与配件,2016(46):76-79.
[3] Lee E W,Neu C E,Kozol J.Al-Li alloys and ultrahigh-strength steels for US Navy aircraft[J].JOM,1990,42(5):11-15.
[4] Krauss G.Deformation and fracture in martensitic carbon steels tempered at low temperatures[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2001,32(4):861-877.
[5] Nunes M M,Silva E M D,Renzetti R A,et al.Analysis of quenching parameters in AISI 4340 steel by using design of experiments[J].Materials Research,2019,22(1):e20180315.
[6] Zheng L,Zheng D,Zhao L,et al.Novel water-air circulation quenching process for AISI 4140 steel[J].Metals and Materials International,2013,19(6):1373-1376.
[7] Saeidi N,Ekrami A.Microstructure-toughness relationship in AISI4340 steel[J].Defect and Diffusion Forum,2011,312-315:110-115.
[8] 顾德骥,姚守堪.浅论国内超高强度钢的发展[J].机械工程材料,1979,3(5):74-88.
[9] Youngblood J L,Raghavan M.Correlation of microstructure with mechanical properties of 300m steel[J].Metallurgical Transactions A,1977,8(9):1439-1448.
[10] Li Y F,Cheng X,Liu D,et al.Influence of last stage heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of laser additive manufactured AF1410 steel[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2018,713:75-80.
[11] Hemphill R M, Wert D E, Novotny P M,et al.High strength,high fracture toughness alloy:US5268044[P].1991-02-05.
[12] 王志会,王华明,刘栋.激光增材制造AF1410超高强度钢组织与力学性能研究[J].中国激光,2016,43(4):59-65.
Wang Zhihui,Wang Huaming,Liu Dong.Microstructure and mechanical properties of AF1410 ultra-high strength steel using laser additive manufacture technique[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2016,43(4):59-65.
[13] 姜越,尹钟大,朱景川,等.马氏体时效不锈钢的发展现状[J].特殊钢,2003,24(3):1-5.
Jiang Yue,Yin Zhongda,Zhu Jingchuan,et al.Development status of maraging stainless steel[J].Special Steel,2003,24(3):1-5.
[14] Tharian K T,Sivakumar D,Ganesan R,et al.Development of new low nickel,cobalt free maraging steel[J].Materials Science and Technology,2013,7(12):1082-1088.
[15] 何毅,杨柯,孔凡亚,等.超高强度18Ni无钻马氏体时效钢的力学性能[J].金属学报,2002,38(3):278-282.
He Yi,Yang Ke,Kong Fanya,et al.Mechanical properties of ultra-high-strength 18Ni cobalt-free maraging steel[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2002,38(3):278-282.
[16] Jiang S H,Wang H,Wu Y,et al.Ultrastrong steel via minimal lattice misfit and high-density nanoprecipitation[J].Nature,2017,544(7651):460-464.
[17] 谭超林,周克崧,马文有,等.激光增材制造成型马氏体时效钢研究进展[J].金属学报,2020,56(1):36-52.
Tan Chaolin,Zhou Kesong,Ma Wenyou,et al.Research progress of laser additive manufacturing of maraging steels[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2020,56(1):36-52.
[18] Xiang S,Wang J P,Sun Y L,et al.Effect of ageing process on mechanical properties of martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel[J].Advanced Materials Research,2010,146-147:382-385.
[19] Chen L,Song R B,Yang F Q,et al.Torsion failure analysis of 0Cr17Ni7Al precipitation hardening stainless steel wire[J].Materials Science Forum,2016,850:66-71.
[20] 李楠,陈嘉砚,龙晋明.Custom465马氏体时效不锈钢的强韧化特征及工艺优化[J].物理测试,2005(6):7-9.
Li Nan,Chen Jiayan,Long Jinming.Strengthening characteristic and optimization of heat treatment for Custom465 maraging stainless steel[J].Physics Examination and Testing,2005(6):7-9.
[21] Kuehmann C.Computational design for ultra high-Strength alloy[J].Advanced Materials and Processes,2008(1):37-40.
[22] Tian J L,Wang W,Shahzad Babar M,et al.A new maraging stainless steel with excellent strength-toughness-corrosion synergy[J].Materials,2017,10(11):1293.
[23] Zackay V F,Parker E R.The changing role of metastable austenite in the design of alloys[J].Annual Review of Materials Science,1976,6(1):139-155.
[24] Matsumura O,Sakuma Y,Takechi H.Enhancement of elongation by retained austenite in intercritical annealed 0.4C-1.5Si-0.8Mn steel[J].Transactions of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan,1987,27(7):570-579.
[25] El-Sherbiny A,El-Fawkhry Mohamed K,Shash Ahmed Y,et al.Replacement of silicon by aluminum with the aid of vanadium for galvanized TRIP steel[J].Journal of Materials Research and Technology,2020,9(3):3578-3589.
[26] 胡建明,李麟,黄澍,等.贝氏体等温温度对980 MPa TRIP钢力学性能和显微组织的影响[J].上海金属,2011,33(3):14-18.
Hu Jianming,Li Lin,Huang Shu,et al.Effect of isothermal bainite treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of 980 MPa TRIP steel[J].Shanghai Metals,2011,33(3):14-18.
[27] 田亚强,曹仲乾,潘红波,等.两相区温度对中锰钢IQ&P处理后组织和力学性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2020,45(7):37-41.
Tian Yaqiang,Cao Zhongqian,Pan Hongbo,et al.Effect of intercritical temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of medium manganese steel after IQ&P treatment[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2020,45(7):37-41.
[28] Du P J,Yang D P,Bai M K,et al.Austenite stabilization by two step partitioning of manganese and carbon in a Mn-TRIP steel[J].Materials Science and Technology,2019,35(17):2084-2091.
[29] Graessel O,Frommeyer G,Derder C,et al.Phase transformations and mechanical properties of Fe-Mn-Si-Al TRIP-steels[J].Journal de Physique IV (Proceedings),1997(C5):383-388.
[30] Frommeyer G,Brüx U,Neumann P.Supra-ductile and high-strength manganese-TRIP/TWIP steels for high energy absorption purposes[J].ISIJ International,2003,43(3):438-446.
[31] Grässel O,Krüger L,Frommeyer G,et al.High strength Fe-Mn-(Al,Si) TRIP/TWIP steels development-properties-application[J].International Journal of Plasticity,2000,16(10/11):1391-1409.
[32] Dumay A A,Chateau J P A,Allain S B,et al.Influence of addition elements on the stacking-fault energy and mechanical properties of an austenitic Fe-Mn-C steel[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2008,483-484:184-187.
[33] Idrissi H,Ryelandt L,Veron M,et al.Is there a relationship between the stacking fault character and the activated mode of plasticity of Fe-Mn-based austenitic steels[J].Scripta Materialia,2009,60(11):941-944.
[34] 黎倩,熊荣刚,陈佳荣,等.TWIP钢的显微组织与变形机制研究[J].材料热处理学报,2008,29(2):52-55.
Li Qian,Xiong Ronggang,Chen Jiarong,et al.Microstructure and deformation mechanism of TWIP steels[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2008,29(2):52-55.
[35] Grässel O,Krüger L,Frommeyer G.High strength Fe-Mn-(Al,Si) TRIP/TWIP steels development-properties-application[J].International Journal of Plasticity,2000,16(10/11):1391-1409.
[36] Cao J L,Zhao A M,Liu J X,et al.Effect of Nb on microstructure and mechanical properties in non-magnetic high manganese steel[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research International,2014,21(6):600-605.
[37] Lehnhoff G R,Findley K O,De Cooman B C.The influence of silicon and aluminum alloying on the lattice parameter and stacking fault energy of austenitic steel[J].Scripta Materialia,2014,92:19-22.
[38] Gwon Hojun,Kim J H,Kim J K,et al.Role of grain size on deformation microstructures and stretch-flangeability of TWIP steel[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2020,773:138861.
[39] Speer J,Matlock D K,Cooman B C D,et al.Carbon partitioning into austenite after martensite transformation[J].Acta Materialia,2003,51(9):2611-2622.
[40] Matlock D K,Brautigam V E,Speer J G.Application of the quenching and partitioning (Q&P) process to a medium-carbon,high-Si microalloyed bar steel[J].Materials Science Forum,2003(2):1089-1094.
[41] 安柯宇,梁佳敏,幸非凡,等.第三代汽车用高强钢——Q&P钢的研究现状[J].金属热处理,2019,44(2):1-7.
An Keyu,Liang Jiamin,Xing Feifan,et al.Research status of the 3rd generation advanced high strength steels for automobiles—Q&P steels[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2019,44(2):1-7.
[42] 余香芸,石增敏,池波,等.热成形配分工艺对超高强钢组织和力学性能的影响[J].钢铁研究学报,2015,27(4):63-68.
Yu Xiangyun,Shi Zengmin,Chi Bo,et al.Effects of hot formation and partitioning process on microstructure and mechanical properties of ultra-high strength steel[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2015,27(4):63-68.
[43] 陈梦园,刘卓,吴润,等.配分时间对Q&P钢组织及性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2020,45(9):62-65.
Chen Mengyuan,Liu Zhuo,Wu Run,et al.Effect of partitioning time on microstructure and properties of Q&P steel[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2020,45(9):62-65.
[44] 李金鑫,黄兴民,张雷,等.淬火配分处理对锻态Fe-0.2C-9Mn-3.5Al钢显微组织及力学行为的影响[J].金属热处理,2020,45(2):87-93.
Li Jinxin,Huang Xingmin,Zhang Lei,et al.Influence of quenching and partitioning treatment on microstructure and mechanical behaviors of forged Fe-0.2C-9Mn-3.5Al steel[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2020,45(2):87-93.
[45] 徐祖耀.用于超高强度钢的淬火-碳分配-回火(沉淀)(Q-P-T)工艺[J].热处理,2008,23(2):1-5.
Xu Zuyao.Quenching-partitioning-tempering(precipitation)(Q-P-T)process for ultra-high strength steel[J].Heat Treatment,2008,23(2):1-5.
[46] Hsu T Y,Xu Z Y.Design of structure,composition and heat treatment process for high strength steel[J].Materials Science Forum,2007,561:2283-2286.
[47] Han J,Lee Y K.The effects of the heating rate on the reverse transformation mechanism and the phase stability of reverted austenite in medium Mn steels[J].Acta Materialia,2014,67:354-361.
[48] 冯树明,万德成,王亚婷,等.Q&P处理低碳中锰钢的显微组织与力学性能[J].金属热处理,2020,45(4):69-74.
Feng Shuming,Wan Decheng,Wang Yating,et al.Microstructure and mechanical properties of low carbon medium manganese steel treated by Q&P process[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2020,45(4):69-74.